America’s manufactured wars, Libya & slave auctions! 😠

In 2011, Muammar Gaddafi, the brutal dictator of Libya for decades, fled Tripoli after the capital fell to US-backed ‘rebel’ forces. He was soon captured by the rebels, beaten and sodomized with a bayonet, and then shot. Gaddafi’s death wasn’t immediate. Later videos would show him with a gunshot wound to the head, slowly dying in a pool of his own blood. The nature of Gaddafi’s death was concealed from the public, and American involvement was repeatedly denied until videos surfaced.

The Obama Administration justified America’s involvement in the toppling of the Gaddafi regime as an effort to “protect Libyan civilians.”
“We had a unique ability to stop the violence.” Obama said. “We knew that if we waited one more day, Benghazi could suffer a massacre that would have reverberated across the region and stained the conscience of the world.”
Later, Hillary Clinton would psychopathically revel in Gaddafi’s killing saying, “We came, we saw, he died.”

After Gaddafi’s removal Libya descended into anarchy, and the American dreams of a ‘liberal & democratic’ Libya would quickly collapse buried under the landslide of widespread violence and corruption.

One year later in 2012 rebels belonging to Ansar al-Sharia attacked the US Embassy in Benghazi. The attack claimed the lives of the US Ambassador there and three other Americans – an event riddled with lies and obfuscations typical of the Obama years with Hillary as Sec of State. Being an election year, the Obama Administration declined to call the event a terrorist attack, describing it instead as a “spontaneous demonstration” provoked by an obscure American filmmaker a world away. The filmmaker would be later be sent to prison on “unrelated” charges.

What you may not know and it is difficult to imagine today that pre-war, Libya was in the top 5 in the Human Development Index list for Africa, was one of wealthiest nation in Africa (GDP per-capita) where people enjoyed lots of social benefits, education, employment and marriage funds, despite a dictator ruling. Under Gaddafi, Libya had a life expectancy of 74.5 years, literacy rate of 88.4 percent. The year before they were invaded, Libya enjoyed a 4.2% economic growth while the U.S. economy was growing at 3%.

The US, with the help of Qataris (from Al-Jazeera) and their own domesticated media, destroyed Libya.

Libya today is best described as a failed state, where disparate criminal organisations and despotic ‘insurgent’ groups operate with utter impunity. Drugs, weapons, and human chattel, including child sex slaves, are trafficked, bought & sold there, sometimes in open-air slave markets. Multiple reports have emerged, including videos of the Libyan Slave Trade, the most horrific ones from 2017, and more recently from 2021.

Libya never recovered. Europe got access to cheap oil (bought on the black market from the same islamists that it condemns) and Northern Libya became an incubator for Islamists. It has literally become hell on earth.

Most Americans have probably forgotten their nation’s role in this regime-change disaster. Honestly, I’m not sure most Americans even knew about it. But the euphemisms, lies, and messianic rhetoric from those days should be all too familiar to us now. US foreign policy is always advertised internally and by establishment media with in a thick veneer of idealistic, feel-good gobbledygook. That’s how they make murder, looting of natural resources, fraud on a global scale and repeated failure palatable, and righteous even.

And blood flows freely, as America continues to invest globally using the currencies of violence and disorder.

LIbya is just one example of a fake-war created by the American deep-state, run by its Military Industrial Complex, who bribe, co-opt or misdirect its elected establishment into waging war.

Let me give you a couple more recent examples…

An Instagram post went viral a few days ago, claiming that Iranian mullah regime had sentenced 15,000 protestors to death. It was taken down eventually. Now, to anyone with half a brain, it looked ridiculously fake even to begin with, but conspirators / useful idiots in the US establishment bought it and promoted it. Look at the people who peddled it.

It went viral with millions of views. This was taken down eventually, thanks to social media, fact checkers and most importantly Iran’s robust social media game on Telegram.

If there was no social media, this false information would have spread and ‘the Empire’ would prepare for war.

Another example of a fraudulently started war that the world knows about already is Iraq. However, if you remember, when the intervention was being prepped, all you could see & read everywhere was that Saddam had weapons of mass destruction alongwith images of mushroom clouds and people wearing gas-masks (they claimed he had both nuclear and chemical WMDs at different times) and some of the world’s best ‘intelligence’ agencies were spreading the propaganda. Iraq was attacked, destroyed, millions were displaced & it became the birthplace of ISIS & a haven for Islamists, not to mention a vassal state for Iran.

And, of-course no WMDs were EVER found in Iraq!

One more example – A few weeks ago, American representative in United Nations Pramila Patten claimed that Russia was giving viagra to soldiers to rape Ukrainians. Unfortunately every single ‘media outlet’ out there bought this story and kept publishing it without bothering to look at underlying evidence. Turns out it was fake news. She has no access to first hand information. She was told something by Ukro-Nazis and she mindlessly repeated that in United Nations, later admitting that she had no solid evidence of what she had claimed.

Imagine if there were no social media, this story would’ve become real news and would have possibly justified America’s increased involvement (bigger arms, maybe even boots on the ground?) in the Russia-Ukraine war. Which would have meant more money for the MIC…

Another fake-news was when an American MIC propagandist claimed Russian missiles fell in Poland killing two people. Ukro-Nazis jumped in. Later it turned that 2 Ukranian S-300 missiles were misfired & fell in Poland. From UK to US, everyone knew that the missiles weren’t Russian but still Zelensky uploaded a video calling it “Russian aggression against collective security of ‘the West” and nobody called him out on it. That video has still not been taken down.

So until the Russia conflict, Ukraine & Zelensky were fascist, horrible, corrupt, authoritarian, neo-nazi, anti-LGBTQ & a dangerous place for journalists. So, basically the same words as were used to describe Putin & Russia.
So, now, all of a sudden, how did Ukraine become this ideal democracy worth saving?

Why is ‘the West’ wanting so desperately to protect (in their words) a “fascist, horrible, corrupt, authoritarian, neo-nazi, anti-LGBTQ” country? Or is there something larger at play here?
#GoFigure

‘Interventions’ by the US are almost always nothing more than a shrouded funding-program for the US’ Military Industrial Complex, hidden behind some pumped-up fraud ideology of democracy & liberalism. This combined with America’s leviathan-like nature in the world today, suppresses anyone who disagrees with them, using the same ‘global’ institutions that simply don’t hold America to account.

The UN is a joke. I would say it has become impotent but that would mean that there was a time when it wasn’t. When the US says jump, the UN asks “How high Uncle Sam?”.

Each ‘intervention’ by the US has created the environment for the next war. The Afghanistan war created Osama Bin Laden & Al-Qaeda, the Libyan war created Ansar al-Sharia, the Iraq war created ISIS, the Syrian intervention created Al-Nusra. And so on… and so forth…

These 3 American men have invaded 9 countries in 24 years, killed 15 million civilians and yet nobody calls them ‘war criminals’.

There are no winners among the countries that the US ‘engages’ in, but millions of losers, often entire regions of the world.

After all, there are still slave auctions in Libya… 😡😡😡


The importance of 14th January in the history of India.

One can say that this day, 262 years ago, was the watershed day that led to India’s colonisation by the British.

Here’s how…

On this day in 1761, the third battle of Panipat was fought on 14 January 1761 between the Marathas led by Sadashiv Rao Bhau and a coalition of the Afghan ruler Ahmed Shah Abdali supported by Najibuddaulah, the Rohilla chiefs Hafiz Rehmat and Dunde Khan and the Nawab of Awadh Shujauddaulah, was arguably the largest battle fought anywhere in the world in the 18th century, where about 1,00,000 brave Marathas died defending their country.

“Nobody has ever fought, and none ever will, the way Marathas fought ferociously against Afghans at Panipat”

The roots of the battle can be traced to the rise of the Maratha Empire. By 1755, the Marathas were the dominant power of the sub-continent. Its influence encompassed the Deccan, most of Northern India and even Calcutta. In 1759, a Maratha expeditionary force had reached Kandahar in Afghanistan and they had established garrisons in the major cities of Punjab.

The rise of the Marathas was viewed with anger by the Muslim rulers of North India. Led by Najib-ud-Daulah of Rohilkhand (modern day Western UP) and Siraj-ud- Daulah of Awadh, they invited Ahmad Shah Abdali to wage ‘jehad’ against the Marathas. The call was sweetened by a purse of Rs 2 Crores and after his initial hesitations, Abdali decided to come to India to contest the Marathas.

Abdali entered India through the Khyber Pass in January 1760. His armies brushed aside the Maratha garrisons in Punjab and forced them to withdraw. He then moved his armies to Anoop Shahr (around 70 kilometers east of Delhi near Saharanpur), in the kingdom of his ally Najib- ud- Daulah, and camped there awaiting the Marathas.

The arrival of Abdali and the defeat of their garrisons had worried the Marathas and in March 1760, Peshwa Nanasaheb, decided to send a large expeditionary force under his most capable general – Sadashiv Rao Bhau – and his own son, the 17 year old Vishwas Rao to contest Abdali.

The Maratha army left Udgir on 07 March 1760, with around 40,000 cavalry, 15,000 troopers and around 200 pieces of artillery. It was joined along its advance by forces from the Holkars of Indore and the Scindias of Gwalior. Yet in spite of its size, it was ill-equipped and lacked administrative support. The army was told to live off the land as it advanced, a strategy that led to looting and pillaging of the countryside over which it advanced and earned it much antagonism in its northwards move. The army was also encumbered by the presence of around 15-20k ladies and children and camp followers, which slowed the advance of the army as it moved slowly over three months before it reached Delhi on 21 July.

The Marathas captured Delhi easily and ransacked it, camping there for over three months. The army of Abdali and his allies were in Meerut – Saharanpur, the two armies separated by the Yamuna River. Though patrols and skirmishes were frequent no major clash of arms took place as yet.

The Lead Up to the Big Battle

Then at the end of October Sadashiv Bhau led his army out of Delhi and moved towards Kunjpura, a fortress on the west bank of the Yamuna which was a major supply hub of Abdali. Kunjpura was strongly held with over 10,000 Afghans but was captured in just two nights after an intense attack using artillery and cavalry in close coordination. Abdali and his army were on the opposite bank of the river and though Abdali could see and hear the plight of his men, he was unable to cross the flooded Yamuna river to aid them.

Kunjpura fell on 18 October and was the last major success of the Marathas. They now had access to Abdali’s supplies and better still was in a position to block his return to Afghanistan. Bolstered by this success, the Marathas moved further towards Kurukshetra hoping to block Abdali’s return route completely. Then Abdali launched his masterstroke. On a rain-swept night on 25 October, he crossed the swollen Yamuna River. Even though over 200 soldiers were swept away, his entire army got across over two nights completely taking the Marathas by surprise. The tables were now turned. Abdali was now behind the Marathas and had cut off from their route back to Delhi and the Deccan.

With their escape routes blocked, the Marathas established a camp in the vicinity of Panipat. For three months, the Marathas remained besieged within their camp. Disease and starvation was rampant as they were cut off from their supplies. Skirmishes took place almost on a daily basis causing heavy casualties on both sides. Worse, winter was setting in and the Marathas were ill-equipped and unprepared for the North Indian winters.

With their strength weakening, Sadashiv Bhau called for a meeting of his Chiefs on 12 Jan and the War Assembly decided that rather than remain besieged, they would make one concerted attack to break through the Afghan positions and make their way back to Delhi and thence the Deccan. Ceremonial paan was served as a gesture of farewell, the Quartermaster was ordered to distribute the remaining food amongst the troops and the chieftains went to prepare their men for battle. The die was cast for the most decisive battle in India’s history.

The details of the war

At dawn on 14 January 1761, the Maratha army moved out of its camp to the sound of conches and ranbakuras. Around three to four kilometers opposite them, the Afghans had arrayed in battle formation with a force of around 60,000 cavalry, infantry and artillery. Yet more than the numerical superiority of over 20,000 which the Afghans enjoyed, what made the difference was that Abdali’s army was a well-knit, cohesive force with the disparate chiefs held together by the iron personality of Ahmad Shah Abdali. On the other side, the Marathas were riven by dissension, with their chiefs often at loggerheads with each other. The divisions would come to the fore as the battle progressed.

The Marathas attacked first from their left flank – an attack led by Ibrahim Khan Gardi, a Muslim chief who would be one of the heroes of the battle. It was an ordered, disciplined attack with nine battalions, with one moving forward as the other gave fire support. The attack made slow, but gradual progress, and inflicted heavy casualties on the Afghan right flank opposing them. Then the Marathas made their first mistake.

As per the plan, Gardi’s musketeers were to establish a foothold in the Afghan lines and then the Maratha cavalry was to attack from the flank. Yet even as Gardi’s troopers were inching forward, the Cavalry attacked pre-maturely moving ahead of Gardi’s infantry and preventing them from firing. The cavalry assault which should have given a decisive edge in the initial stage of the battle petered out, but in spite of that, a breach was made in the Afghan right flank by around noon.

Simultaneously with the attack of his left flank, Sadashiv Rao Bhau had launched the main attack with around 20,000 crack troops – the Huzarat – directed at the Afghan center. He led the attack himself and its sheer force and momentum tore through the Afghan center causing them to break in disarray.

Around midday, the Marathas were well poised. They had broken through the right flank and the Center. Their right flank, under Holkar and Scindia, were to have attacked after the Afghan lines were breached, but inexplicably they did not move. They remained static even though Sadashiv Bhau sent a personal message to Holkar. The reluctance of their right flank to attack cost the Marathas dear. It gave time for Abdali to position his military police to round up all who were fleeing the battle and send them back to the front lines (with a few summary executions of those who refused). He also sent around 10,000 of his reserves to reinforce the crumbling lines. By around 2 pm the Afghan lines were steadied and any hope of a Maratha breakthrough vanished.

The Maratha attack petered out and Abdali launched a counter stroke from his own left flank behind the Marathas. His cavalry and ‘Zamburaks’ – camel mounted swivel guns poured a relentless stream of fire on the Marathas, who were gradually being compressed in a tight knot ahead of the Afghan positions. Afghan bullets took a deadly toll on the bunched Maratha infantry and one of the bullets hit Vishwas Rao, the Peshwa’s son on the head killing him instantly.

The death of Vishwas Rao turned the battle dramatically. Seeing him fall, the troops lost heart. Sadashiv Bhau himself dismounted from his elephant to come to see Vishwas and without his rallying presence, the Marathas troops panicked and began fleeing the battlefield. In the unruly chaos that followed, Abdali launched another attack with the rest of his reserves that swung in from the rear and sides of the beleaguered Marathas.

What followed was a slaughter. Weakened after the day-long fighting they were cut to pieces as the Afghan cavalry tore into them and bullets rained upon them. Their right flank under Holkar and Scindia took no part in the fighting and melted away from the battlefield, moving to Delhi and then their home bases. For the rest, it was carnage, as they battled desperately in isolated pockets. Over 30-40,000 Maratha soldiers fell that day alone (another 20,000 had been lost in the skirmishes of the preceding months). The vengeful Afghans who had lost around 30,000 of their own, ran amok in the Maratha camp, slaughtered the menfolk and took the women and children as slaves. That night, the moon was full and the fleeing Marathas were chased and cut down in the open fields around Panipat. An estimated 60-70,000 lives were lost in that one day which has often been called ‘The Bloodiest Day of the 18th Century”.

The aftermath of the war…

Of the estimated force of 70- 80,000 that set out, only around 15,000 or so succeeded in making their way back to the Deccan. Abdali left back for Afghanistan soon after the battle, receiving hefty compensation from the Muslim rulers.

Nanasaheb Peshwa died of shock after the disaster and Maratha power waned rapidly. Abdali never returned to India but the Marathas were back in Delhi by 1771, and continued to defend the capital until 1803 when it was lost to the East India Company. That said, they never recovered to even a third of their might which existed before the 3rd battle of Panipat. Its decline set the stage for Imperial rule in India. Devoid of any major challenger, the British consolidated their position and established British rule in India that would last 200 years. That perhaps was the greatest tragedy of the battle.

In more ways than one, the battle of Panipat of 14 January 1761 was the battle that defined the Indian nation-state. Who knows what would have happened if Najib-ud-Daulah and Siraj-ud- Daulah had never invited Ahmed Shah Abdali. Who knows what would have happened if Vishawas Rao had not been shot by a stray bullet. Who knows what would have happened had the Marathas not lost the battle so badly and so many of them had not been massacred? Who knows? While in Sadashiv Rao Bhau’s words – the battle was a “fight for an India by Indians where outsiders ought to have no say.”, whereas the big picture of the reality of the battle is that internal fighting among Indian rulers led to the colonisation of India.

This should serve as a lesson to all Indians – No matter how angry you may be with the rise of another ruler within your country, betraying your nation leads to much worse future for both you and your nation.

———————–

The Pillar Marks The Site Of The Black Mango Tree near which was fought the Third Battle of Panipat.

The surreal story of how CIA-trained ‘fighters’ and Pentagon-trained ‘rebels’ fought against each other in Syria… 🙄🤷🏻‍♂️🤦🏻‍♂️

Here’s what happened in Syria….

So, President Obama signs off a 1Bn$ ‘plan’ to train Syrian ‘rebels’ against Assad.

In the first part for the program, the Pentagon spent US$ 500mn training and arming these ‘rebels’. These self-styled jihadis took all the money, arms, ammunition, missiles, humvees and then joined Al Nusra.

No kidding! So much so that an American General testified that after half a billion US$ spent, they could train only 4, yes you read that right, ONLY FOUR fighters. (Link: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/sep/16/us-military-syrian-isis-fighters)

OK, so you’d imagine that after this colossal embarrassment, the US would have gotten better. Hell, No! President Obama gave another billion US$ to the Pentagon to train more ‘rebels’ to fight Assad.

Guess what happened this time? They sold all the weapons, including RPGs to ISIS and then joined ISIS and Al Nusra en masse.

So, net-net, the total amount that the Pentagon ended up spending was almost US $2mn per rebel fighter. Yes, right, 2 million US$ for training each ‘rebel’, who didn’t even fight. (Link: https://time.com/4102375/syria-rebels-training-program-pentagon-cost-2-million/)

Well, President Obama seemed to have had enough with the Pentagon now. So, lo & behold, the CIA enters the scene. And now the CIA has a ‘plan’!

And President Obama gives them another billion US$ to fight both Assad & ISIS. And as we all know, the CIA is a big fan of secret missions… and they start off Operation Timber Sycamore.

Shh!!! It’s a highly classified weapons supply and training program for the rebels. And keep in mind, THIS IS TOTALLY DIFFERENT FROM WHAT THE PENTAGON was doing & spending. CIA doesn’t give a hoot about any other American Agency, as they ‘have it all sorted’.

So now they spend a billion US$ on training ‘fighters’ and arming them. Remember these ‘fighters’ are completely totally different from the ‘rebels’ who the Pentagon trained, OK!

And behold, these ‘fighters’ start selling weapons all over the Middle East. These weapons start reaching as far as Libya at one end and Pakistan at the other. LOL!

And then these ‘fighters’ desert the US and join Al Nusra and ISIS. The very forces they were trained to fight against. (Link: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/02/world/middleeast/cia-syria-rebel-arm-train-trump.html)

If this is starting to sound like the plot of a parody war movie, wait… There’s more to come…

By now you are probably wondering that if the CIA & Pentagon were running 2 totally different modules of arming & training ‘fighters’ & ‘rebels’ respectively, with US$ 3 Billion to spend between them, so these ‘fighters’ trained by CIA & the ‘rebels’ trained by Pentagon must have fought together jointly in a coordinated manner? Right?

Well, No!!!

Often-times, they were fighting against & killing each other!!! (Link: https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-cia-pentagon-isis-20160327-story.html)

This would be hilarious if we saw it in a movie. Sadly, when it happens in real life, it is anything but…

———-

P.S. Syria was not the only such case. both the CIA & the Pentagon run ‘independent’ programs spending billions of US$ in creating, training various groups of ‘rebels’, ‘fighters’ all over LATAM, ME, AF-PAK & more. And often-times, these groups end up fighting each other! (Link: https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/08/31/cia-us-military-training-foreign-army-afghanistan-defense-department/)

#NoFurtherComments


Happy Birthday to one of India’s greatest cricketers – Kapil Dev Nikhanj! 🏏

Wadekar was an excellent captain but he never won a World Cup.
Dhoni won a World Cup but he does not have a hattrick.
Kuldeep has a hattrick but he is not an outstanding fielder.
Jadeja is an incredible fielder but he doesn’t have even two thousand Test runs.
Tendulkar has a lot of Test runs but not even fifty Test wickets.
Ganguly has led India many, many times but never coached India.
Anshuman Gaekwad coached India but never won a Ranji Trophy as captain.
Gavaskar won the Ranji Trophy but never a Test series in England.
Dravid won a series in England but never got India’s record ODI score.
Rohit holds India’s record ODI score but never had India’s best ODI figures.
Ayub had India’s best ODI figures but not 400 Test wickets.
Harbhajan has 400 Test wickets but not 5,000 runs.
Laxman has over 5,000 runs but never a 9-wicket haul.
Gupte had a 9-wicket haul but not hundreds in South Africa.
Azhar had one in South Africa but not one in West Indies.
Sardesai had hundreds in West Indies but never one in England.
Vengsarkar had hundreds in England but never hit four sixes in a row.
Yuvraj hit more than that but never took eight in an innings in Australia.
Kumble has done that but he never held the world record for most Test wickets.

One Indian has done each of these things. Every single one!

And he did more. He inspired millions. And he showed a country that they can be winners!

One of India’s greatest ever cricketers was born 64 years ago, today, on 6th January 1959.

Happy Birthday Kapil Dev Nikhanj! 🏏

Thank you for everything!!! 🙂🙏🏻

The saas-bahu saga of Buckingham Palace

Prince Harry and Meghan Markle decide to marry. Nobody else in the family likes the ‘new bahu’. So they move out of the joint-family house and move to US/ Canada. And all hell breaks loose.

They first badmouth the joint-family to whoever will listen to them. Then they make videos and write books about how bad the family is, and why they left.

Here are the family’s reactions…

When she was alive, the Dadi-saas, the Queen was furious coz “Khandaan ka Chhota Chirag” has got influenced by “pardes se aayi hui chhoti bahu” and is breaking “Rajwaadon” ki centuries old tradition.

Pitaji is upset coz “Humse to salah mashwara kiya hi nahin, khud hi decide kar liya. Bade-buzurgon ki koi izzat hi nahin hai aaj kal ke bacchon ke dil mein.”

Camilla is upset coz “Sauteli maa hui to kya, khandaan ka main bhi hissa hoon. Pyaar to main bhi karti hoon Harry se. Mujhse hi pooch liya hota.”

In some corner, some Maami – Chachi must be feeling vindicated & saying “Maine to pehle hi Kaha tha meri devrani ki behen ki beti se Shaadi karo Harry ki. Us Amreekan ladki ko Ghar mein le aaoge to ghar toot jaayega. Bahu Nahin, Nagin hai Nagin. Dekhna, ek din mere Harry ko bhi dhokha degi, tab dauda chale aayega humse maafi maangne.”

Prince William standing in front of Lady Diana’s pic, consoling his dad and saying “Aaj maa zinda hoti to aisa kabhi nahin hone deti.”

Badi Bahu – Kate Middleton must be showing off her high moral ground saying “Sanskaar aur Khandaan ki pratishtha to maine hi sambhali hui hai.”

I wonder if there are any speculations about “Jaaydaad ka bantwara aur kitni real estate kiske hisse mein aayegi.” And of course, “Log kya kahenge!” ki khar ke bachche ne “samaaj mein khandaan ka naam mitti mein mila diya bete-bahu ne.”

I’m loving the drama 😂😂😂😂😂!!!

Some big things that happened in 2022 in India:

– Narendra Modi’s standing unchallenged politically

– Rise of Yogi Adityanath

– Rise of Himanta Biswa Sarma

Devendra Fadnavis’ comeback

– Rise of AAP (gobbling up Congress’ voteshare)

– Rakesh Jhunjhunwala’s demise

– Cyrus Mistry’s demise

– Air India privatisation

– UPI’s massive expansion & global spread

– Massive expansion of road infrastructure

– Massive expansion of airline travel & airports

– India standing its ground globally against ‘the West’ qua Russia-Ukraine

– Rise of Telugu, Kannada & Tamil cinema

– Major successes & boost for Indian Animation, VFX & Gaming

– India’s e-learning industry’s explosion while Byju sees a big fall from grace

7 successes & 2 failures of BJP (politically) in 2022:

👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻
– In almost all elections they fought, BJP’s voteshare increased.
– Retained 5 out of the 6 states where they were the incumbent party. In many of them, it was a record win, against history.
– Wrested Maharashtra from the MVA. Weakened the Shiv Sena significantly.
– Increase in voteshare from Muslims – primarily Bohris, Shias & Pasmandas – both in Gujarat and in UP
– Increase in votes they have got from tribals in Gujarat.
– Comfortably got its President & Vice President candidates elected. Exposed big chunks in ‘opposition unity’.
– Wrested both Azamgarh & Rampur from the SP.

👎🏻👎🏻👎🏻
– its declining ability to keep its local disgruntled leaders in check, which heavily contributed to the Himachal loss.
– Inability or unwillingness to build state-level leadership, except in UP, Assam & Maharashtra.


Satyendranath Bose – One of the world’s greatest scientists!!!

On his 129th jayanti, let’s talk a little bit about Satyendranath Bose, more widely known as S.N.Bose, known for the Bose-Einstein condensate theory and a class of particles called Bosons. He is undoubtedly one of the greatest scientists of the modern era. He has also been referred to as the Father of the God particle.

Then again, to call S.N.Bose just a scientist, would be akin to calling Michelangelo a mere painter or Sachin Tendulkar just a cricketer. Bose was polymath, equally adept in music, literature & mineralogy.

Born on January 1, 1894 in a middle class Kolkata family, his father Surendranath Bose was an accountant in the East India Railway Company. SN Bose was the only son in a family that had six daughters after him.

While at the New Indian School in Kolkata, seeing his skills at mathematics, his father encouraged him more by giving hime more and more complex problems to solve, above & beyond his age. In order to better challenged academically, Bose was moved to the Hindu School in 1907 at the age of 13, where he soon got recognition as an outstanding student in Maths and Science. He joined Kolkata’s prestigious Presidency College, and majored in Applied Mathematics, again proving to be an outstanding student, graduating in 1913 with distinction. While in college, he also learnt German and French, primarily to enable himself to read published scientific works in those languages.

Bose’s entry into the world of Academia was also the time when quantum theory & relativity was emerging as a new field of study. Between 1916 & 1919, he was teaching applied mathematics & theoretical physics, including being appointed to the CV Raman Chair of Physics in 1917. By 1919, he, alongwith Meghnad Saha, had also published an English translation of Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity.

In 1921, he was appointed at the University of Dhaka as Physics Reader, where he made his most famous discovery. His derivation of Planck’s radiation law. Using Max Planck’s law, he tried to provide a solution to classical physicists to account for the range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies emitted by a hot body. Basically Planck’s theory stated that if energy is quantified as coming in fixed multiples of what is called as Planck’s constant, the theory of radiation could be explained. In a way it was that theory gave rise to what we know as Quantum Physics.

Einstein & Bose

So, Einstein in 1905 had taken Planck’s theory, applied the classical Boltzmann statistics to it, allowing him to describe the photon. Brilliant as his work was, many leading physicists of the time, rejected it, saying that light could only travel in waves and not particles. Wave-particle duality of light was still unheard of then.

It was around 1920 that Bose was preparing to teach Planck’s theory and something did not seem right to him. So he replaced Boltzmann’s statistics with his own and wrote a paper titled ‘Planck’s Law and Hypothesis of Light Quanta’.

He sent this paper to Philosophical Magazine. However his thesis was rejected, which was ironical as it would actually prove to be one of the most ground breaking theories ever.

Bose also sent the same to Einstein with the cover note “I have ventured to send you the accompanying article for your perusal and opinion. I am anxious to know what you think of it. You will see that I have tried to deduce the coefficient 8πν2/c3 in Planck’s Law independent of the classical electrodynamics.

Einstein immediately knew that he was looking at one of the most significant breakthroughs in science. Planck’s quantum law used one of the classical physics factors, 8πν2/c3. Bose had managed to produce the same factor, without using any classical physics theory, but instead it came from his own hypothesis that photons with equal energy were not distinguishable from each other. Einstein translated Bose’s work into German, got it published in the journal – Zeitschrift für Physik. He called it a very important step, actually it was a ground breaking theory, that laid one of the foundations for Quantum Physics.

The more Einstein dwelt over Bose theory, the more he was intrigued by it. He considered the possibility of applying Bose Quantum Statistics to a gas made of atoms to see the effects. And this led to one of the major breakthroughs, the Bose-Einstein Condensate, where each particle in a collection of particles exists in the same identical quantum state. Roughly this is what happens during formation of a Bose Einstein Condensate.

At room temperature, the atoms in gas behave like particles. As temperature rises, the atoms gain wave nature, and move closer to each other. As temperature rises more and more, inching to absolute zero, waves merge to form a single super wave. Within a millionth of a degree of absolute zero, the Bose Einstein Condensate forms, all individual atoms have merged.

Based on this, In December 1946, Paul Dirac coined the word bosons, in honour of Bose for discovering the existence of particles that obey Bose-Einstein statistics.

Bose & his other pursuits

Bose was interested in making science popular too and also strongly supported Indian independence. He believed that a well educated, enlightened population was what could move India on the path to progress. He also promoted Bengali as a medium of instruction, translated many scientific papers into it. Apart from science, he also had a keen interest in English, Bengali literature, and even did research on it.

As Head of Department for Physics at University of Dhaka, in 1926, he made it a hub for scientific research, setting up an X-Ray crystallography lab himself.Along with Meghnad Saha, Bose also published an equation of state for real gases during his stint at Dhaka.

After Partition, S.N.Bose returned to Kolkata where he taught till 1956, and then later became VC of Shantiniketan too. He insisted, that every student should use local materials and technicians to design their own equipment. He later returned to Kolkata where he did research in nuclear physics, and also on organic chemistry. He also worked on applied research, he did great work in extracting helium from the hot springs at Bakreshwar. In 1959, S.N.Bose was appointed as National Professor, the highest honour for a scholar, and was in the position for 15 years. He also worked as an advisor to the newly formed CSIR, and was General President of Indian Science Congress.

A true polymath he did research in fields as varied as literature, biotechnology, zoology & anthropology. Bose was also highly adept at playing the Esraj (a musical instrument).

Inspite of his pioneering research on Bosons & Quantum Statistics, Bose never got a Nobel Prize. The irony was that scientists who did research on Bosons & Bose-Einstein statistics were given the Nobel, but Bose himself did not get it. When asked about the Nobel, S.N.Bose simply remarked “I got all the recognition that I deserve. The fact that my research would play an important role in scientific discourse is more important than the Nobel.”

So, on his jayanti today do take time to pay tribute to Satyendranath Bose or S.N.Bose, one of the greatest scientists of the modern era, whose Bose-Einstein condensate theory is a landmark in physics.


The world’s largest temple complex – the PALITANA Jain temples in Gujarat. 😊

There are more than 3000 temples located on the Shatrunjaya hills, in Bhavnagar district of Gujarat. Atop one of these hills is Palitana – a city with over 900 temples, each of them exquisitely carved in marble, constructed in the 11th & 12th centuries CE. From the foot of the hill to the top, it is about 3,800 stone steps. The entire mountain is considered as the most revered ‘Tirtha Kshetra’ by Jains. 🙏🏻

Since it is a dev-awaas (people believe that all gods sleep here at night), so nobody, not even priests, are allowed to stay in the complex overnight. Hence, everyone who visits the complex must start their descent before it is evening, even the priests. They climb up & down daily. 😳

It is an incredible unbelievable sight and to imagine that all this was constructed and built over a thousand years ago. 🤯

P.S. Interestingly, in the complex atop the hill is also the Muslim shrine of Angar Pir. 👍🏻

Open letter by Naor Gilon (Israeli Ambassador to India) to Nadav Lapid following his criticism of Kashmir Files…

“Nadav Lapid,

YOU SHOULD BE ASHAMED.

In Indian culture they say that a guest is like God. You have abused in the worst way the Indian invitation to chair the panel of judges at IFFIGoa as well as the trust, respect and warm hospitality they have bestowed on you.

Our Indian friends brought Lior Raz and Avi Issacharoff from Fauda in order to celebrate the love in #India towards Fauda and #Israel. I suspect that this is maybe also one of the reasons they invited you as an Israeli and me as the ambassador of Israel.

I understand your need in retrospect to “justify” your behavior but I can’t understand why you told YNetNews afterwards that the minister and I said on stage that there is similarity between our countries because “we fight a similar enemy and reside in a bad neighborhood”. Nothing like that was said.

We did speak about the similarities and closeness between our countries. The minister spoke about his visits to Israel, it being a Hi-Tech nation and the potential of combining this with the film industry. I spoke about the fact that we grew up watching Indian films. I also said that we should be humble when India, with such a great film culture, is consuming Israeli content (Fauda and more).

I’m no film expert but I do know that it’s insensitive and presumptuous to speak about historic events before deeply studying them and which are an open wound in India because many of the involved are still around and still paying a price.

As a son of a holocaust survivor, I was extremely hurt to see reactions in India to you that are doubting Schindler’s List, the Holocaust and worse. I unequivocally condemn such statements. There is no justification. It does show the sensitivity of the Kashmir issue here.

From your interview to Ynet the connection you make between your criticism of Kashmir Files and your dislike to what is happening in Israeli politics was quite evident.

My suggestion. As you vocally did in the past, feel free to use the liberty to sound your criticism of what you dislike in Israel but no need to reflect your frustration on other countries. I’m not sure that you have enough factual basis to make such comparisons. I know I don’t.

You will go back to Israel thinking that you are bold and “made a statement”. We, the representatives of Israel, would stay here. You should see our DM boxes following your “bravery” and what implications it may have on the team under my responsibility.

The friendship between the people and the states of India and Israel is very strong and will survive the damage you have inflicted.

As a human being I feel ashamed and want to apologize to our hosts for the bad manner in which we repaid them for their generosity and friendship.”